Background: Soft drink consumption is recognized as one of the main risk factors of dental erosion. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the erosive effect of Cola soft drink on human enamel and compare the remineralization potential of two toothpastes, one of which was based on RecaldentTM (CPP- ACP) and the other on NovaMinTM (Calcium-sodium-Phosphosilicate). Methods: Sixty extracted human permanent anterior teeth free of caries were selected and subjected to demineralization with Cola soft drink (4 intervals of 2 min for 3 days). They were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; Recaldent group and NovaMin group. Specimens in both groups were treated with the corresponding paste (applied for 3 minutes, 3 times / day for 14 days). The surface microhardness of enamel was measured with a Vickers hardness tester at baseline, after demineralization by Cola and after remineralization with the toothpastes. Selected samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Results: Cola immersion resulted in extensive demineralization; however samples treated with both dentifrices demonstrated comparable trends of enamel remineralization. SEM showed formation of deposits on enamel surface, furthermore, EDX analysis showed increased amounts of Ca and P in the enamel of the experimental groups, compared to the Cola group. Conclusion: This in vitro study confirms the erosive potential of certain acidic food and drinks that public should be aware of. Both types of toothpastes have the potential to remineralize enamel, a property which might be important to encounter the damaging effects following consumption of carbonated soft drinks.