Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of differentpolishing techniques on the surface roughness and micro-hardness of two resincomposites.Materials and Methods: Two resin composites (Filtek Supreme XT; nanofilledcomposite and Filtek Z250; microhybrid composite) were used. Sixty specimens ofeach material were prepared and divided into two finishing and polishing subgroups:(i) PoGo, One step polishing system, (ii) Sof-Lex discs, multi-steps finishing andpolishing system. Then each subgroup was stored in distilled water at 37°c fortesting period, i.e. immediately, after one month and three months respectively. Thefinished and polished surfaces were subjected to profilometric evaluation and microhardnesstesting.Results: one-step system has higher surface roughness than multi-steps atdifferent periods storage in distilled water for microhybrid composite. But fornanofilled resin composite, no significant difference was found between twopolishing modalities at immediate. But, after storage in distilled water in one or threemonths, significant difference in surface roughness could be found between two[2]polishing modalities. With respect to micro-hardness test, one-step system hashigher surface hardness than multi-steps at different periods for microhybridcomposites. But for nanofilled composite, there are a higher significant differencewas found between two polishing modalities at immediate and after one monthstorage period in distilled water.Conclusion: The multi-steps system possessed smoother surface than one-stepsystem of microhybrid and nanofilled composite, after storage in distilled water, fortesting period, i.e. immediately, after one month and three months. While for surfacemicro-hardness, the one-step system possessed harder surface than the multi-stepssystem of microhybrid resin composite, after storage in distilled water, for testingperiod, i.e. immediately, after one month and three months.