Background: Many developed countries have shown a marked decrease in the prevalence of dental caries in children over the past decades. However, in many other developing countries caries prevalence has increased, Limited numbers of studies were published from Egypt on prevalence of dental caries in preschool children and there were no surveys had been conducted in most of Iraqi governorate. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate caries prevalence, oral hygiene measures, feeding habits, Dietary habits and Dental care among (2-6 years old) a group of Iraqi children in Erbil governorate compared with a similar group of Egyptian children at same age Cairo governorate. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 664 healthy children in Erbil governorate and 664 healthy children in Cairo governorate, their ages ranged from two to six years old & selected from nurseries schools of each governorate. Results: prevalence of dental caries among Iraqi children in Erbil would be about 75.8% while the prevalence of dental caries among Egyptian children in Cairo at same age was found 63.9%. Which means that the prevalence of dental caries in Erbil more than the prevalence of dental caries in Cairo and differences was statistically significant. Conclusion: the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children was higher in Iraqi children who lived in Erbil city than Egyptian children who lives in Cairo. The number of caries-free children in Erbil and Cairo is still far from numbers found in developed countries. There is a real need to make improvements at the level of parent’s dental health education, application of preventive measures, and dietary habits among preschool children.