Introduction : Helicobacter pylori has been the subject of many studies that contributed to a better understanding of its epidemiology and its clinical importance in the pathology of the upper gastrointestinal segment, being an important cause of duodenal, gastric ulcers and a definite cause of gastric adenocarcinoma in human. Subjects and Methods: This community based, field study was performed on 622 randomly chosen subjects who were representing villagers of 8 villages in Giza governorate. Our main objective was to determine the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among population living in rural community in Giza Governorate in Egypt, and to study the epidemiological aspect of H. pylori infection in this community, as a step that might be helpful in studying the magnitude of this problem which seems to be an important issue that needs to be thoroughly investigated. Results: The overall seroprevalence of anti-H. pylori IgG in the present study was 91.3% among them 44% were mildly +ve , 43% were moderately +ve and 13% were highly + ve . Anti Cag A was studied in 368 subjects and was present in 24/368 (6.5%) and on studying the relation of anti H pylori IgG level with anti CagA no statistically significant relation was found denoting that the level of infection even if mild doesn’t rule out the possible association of virulent strain of H pylori. A high rate for H pylori seroprevalence was present in children below 14 years (89.5%), in the age group >40-50 years (96.6%) and above 50 years (93.2%). No sex difference was noted in our study between males and females as regards anti H pylori seropositivity. When relating the seroprevalence to type of community, it was found to be the same in semi-rural communities and rural ones and when investigated the respective conditions in both communities it was found that the prevalence is rather related to pattern of life, socioeconomic status and to other possible vehicle of transmission as animals or flies than fecally contaminated water which is not considered the only vehicle for H. pylori transmission in our study. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori is holoendemic in Egypt and further studies should be done for better determination of other possible vehicles of its transmission and better studying of relation of its virulent strains with gastroduodenal lesions.