This study included two groups of patients with HCCs < 5 cm in diameter, group A included 21 patients with 28 HCCs and group B included 29 patients with 30 HCCs. Group A patients were treated by percutaneous ethanol injection, while group B patients were treated by radiofrequency ablation. The results of treatment were assessed by AFP, liver biopsy, Power Doppler and Spiral CT which proved the efficacy of PEI to produce complete ablation of the malignant cells in larger number of cases than those treated with RFA (96.4 Vs 73.3%) P<0.05. After the follow up of all patients for at least 6 months, the survival rate was (90.5%, 45.4%, 30%) for group A patients and was (72.4%, 48%, 36.4%) for group B patients at 6, 12 and 18 months, respectively.