Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of xylitol and fluoride on the initially demineralized enamel lesions using scanning electron microscope and Vickers microhardnes indentor. Methodology: The samples were divided into four groups (control, 10%xylitol, 2%sodium fluoride and 10%xylitol +2%sodium fluoride) and analyzed using scanning electron microscope and Vickers microhardnes indentor . Results: All the groups showed increase in microhardnes after mineralization but there was no significant difference while SEM showed precipitation of globular structures and crystals in groups xylitol and combination group. Conclusion: We concluded that the effect of xylitol alone on remineralization of teeth is weak.