The study was conducted on thirty-eight children from two private orphanages in Cairo. Their age ranged from eight to thirteen. Children suffering from visual or auditory deficits were excluded. They were assessed using the standard progressive Matrices. Children were clinically interviewed and psychiatric disorders were identified, diagnoses were done according to the Manual for Diagnosis and statistics of mental disorders fourth version. The children were given the Hopelessness Scale for children, the Young Children social Desirability scale and The Children Action Tendency scale. The caregivers filled the Arabic translation of Conner`s Scale and the Children Behavioral Checklist. The study concluded that children growing up in orphanages are prone to suffer from psychiatric and behavioral disorders and the stability of caregivers was found to act as a protective factor in the development of depression and behavioral disorders.