Abstract:

Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 prioritizes sustainable development, and local maize and coffee cultivation aligns with this goal. This study investigates the economic viability, market potential, and food security benefits of domestic production compared to import reliance. Employing a quantitative methodology, the research assesses production costs, land suitability, consumer preferences, and market dynamics.

Results indicate that localizing maize and coffee production can significantly reduce import dependence, enhance food system resilience, and create a more competitive agricultural sector. Water-efficient technologies and lower land costs contribute to economic viability, while a growing domestic coffee market presents a lucrative opportunity.

To advance Saudi Arabia's sustainable development, food security, and economic diversification, the study recommends that policymakers promote Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) and agrivoltaics, invest in infrastructure for better food access, and support local coffee producers. Agricultural investors are advised to focus on these sustainable practices and infrastructure improvements. Researchers should aim to refine cultivation methods, delve into consumer preferences, and assess the overall economic and environmental benefits of localizing maize and coffee cultivation. These concerted efforts are key to realizing the nation's Vision 2030 objectives.