In 2011, the principle of the responsibility to protect was applied for the first time in Libya, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces argued that the situation in Libya is a threat to international peace and security to justify the military intervention that led to the overthrow of former President Muammar Gaddafi, which is not based on any norms and principles of international law. Although the Security Council resolution was not agreed upon by all member states, some of them, led by the United States, Britain and France, exceeded the mandate granted to protect civilians, and used NATO to achieve their goals of changing the Libyan regime through external military intervention, which opened the door The unknown in front of Libya in terms of humanitarian, political, security and social.     In another position that reflects the extent of the contradiction of working according to the principle of the responsibility to protect, and with regard to the ongoing crisis in Syria for more than twelve years, the supporters of the Syrian political system from the international and regional powers - especially Russia and Iran - argue that any external interference against its regime is illegitimate in nature. It will destabilize the Middle East region.      However, it can be said that political, security and social instability and human rights violations in Syria threaten international peace and security stipulated in the Charter of the United Nations, due to the chaos caused by the Syrian refugee crisis and the emergence of extremist groups whose head was the terrorist organization "ISIS", but despite that What happened in Libya did not happen in Syria. In both opposing positions, the two sides can refer to the internationally agreed principles, agreed upon by the member states of the United Nations that clearly reflect conflicting concepts of state sovereignty, which has led specialists in international affairs to recognize that there is a growing gap between the promise and the actual protection of individuals in the whole world.