Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) refers to a long-standing inflammatory condition affecting the middle ear and/or mastoid cavity. It is also known by several other terms, including chronic otitis media, chronic mastoiditis, and chronic tympanomastoiditis. The clinical hallmark of CSOM is recurrent or persistent aural discharge (otorrhoea) lasting between two to six weeks, typically occurring through a perforated tympanic membrane. The condition often originates in childhood as a sequela of unresolved acute otitis media (AOM) with tympanic membrane rupture. Otoscopic examination may reveal a thickened, granulated middle-ear mucosa and the presence of mucosal polyps. In some instances, CSOM may be accompanied by a cholesteatoma within the middle ear space. It is important to distinguish CSOM from chronic otitis media with effusion, a separate entity characterized by the accumulation of middle ear fluid in the absence of tympanic membrane perforation or active infection. CSOM is broadly categorized into two subtypes: The tubotympanic (benign) form and the atticoantral (malignant) form—the latter, also referred to as the “dangerous type," involves the attic and posterosuperior regions of the middle ear and is associated with more serious complications. Objective: This review article aimed to evaluate effect of CSOM on cochlear health. Methods: We used Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and other internet databases for Cochlear affection, CSOM and Hearing loss. Additionally, the writers combed through relevant literature for references, however they only included researches covering the years from 2015 to 2024. Due of lack of translation-related sources, documents in languages other than English were excluded. Also, works in progress, unpublished publications, abstracts from conferences, and dissertations that did not form part of broader scientific investigations were excluded. Conclusions: CSOM continues to represent a prevalent chronic infectious condition among children globally, transcending racial and cultural boundaries in both low- and high-income regions. This condition is associated with substantial morbidity and carries the potential for both extracranial and intracranial complications. Hearing impairment in CSOM is primarily attributed to three mechanisms: Disruption of the tympano-ossicular system's impedance-matching function, diminished protective baffle effect at the round window, and underlying cochlear pathology.