Background: Empyema thoracis is a complex condition, posing a significant therapeutic challenge. If not treated timely and adequately patients become severely restricted due to compromised lung functions.
Case Report: This case report explores the successful anesthetic management of a 9-year-old child posted for thoracic decortication surgery due to right-sided empyema. One lung ventilation on the left side in pediatric patients is a challenge for anesthesiologists. A multifaceted approach to maintain adequate ventilation intraoperatively along with adequate pain relief to facilitate lung expansion in the post operative period is the mainstay for anesthetic management in such cases.
Conclusions: This case emphasizes how important a complete management strategy including meticulous pain management is the key to a successful resolution in conditions like this. Single lumen endotracheal tube can be successfully used for one lung ventilation by advancing it further beyond the carina and erector spinae plane block in conjunction with general anesthesia, is effective and beneficial in paediatric patients.