Pulpotomy is a frequently utilized conservative procedure for treating primary molars affected with severe dental caries. The study aimed to compare the effects of these treatments on primary molars clinically and radiographically, with detailed documentation of participant demographics and treatment procedures, including pulp removal and bleeding management.NeoPUTTY MTA® is a bioactive bioceramic material designed to enhance hydroxyapatite formation and support tissue healing. Methods: This study was conducted on children aged 4 to 9 years, involving 88 primary molars teeth divided into two equal groups(44 primary molars each): one received Formocresol FC with a 1:5 dilution, while the other received NeoPutty MTA®. Results: After 12 months, the clinical success rate of the NeoPutty MTA® group (100%) was significantly higher than that of the FC group (88.6%) (P < 0.05).Although NeoPutty MTA® showed better radiographic outcomes (95.5%) compared to Formocresol FC (84.1%), the difference was not statistically significant. Teeth treated with NeoPutty® displayed no pain or discomfort and had significantly improved pulp vitality, in contrast to those treated with Formocresol FC.Despite these positive results, both NeoPutty®MTA and formocresol groups experienced some radiographic failures.Conclusion: NeoPutty MTA® exhibited better clinical success and enhanced radiographic outcomes compared to the traditional formocresol pulpotomy emphasizing its potential as a more effective treatment option.