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421066

Evaluation of the Relationship between Pemphigus Vulgaris Severity and the Serum Levels of IL33 and anti-Desmoglein-3 Antibody

Article

Last updated: 09 Apr 2025

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Tags

Host response

Abstract

Background: Pemphigus is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder affecting both skin and mucosa. Clinically, it is characterized by blister formation and erosions, and histologically, by acantholysis. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common type within the pemphigus groups. The pathogenesis of pemphigus includes the presence of autoantibodies directed against desmosomal proteins like desmoglein on the cell surface of keratinocytes, which are critical for keratinocyte adhesion and epidermal structural integrity.  In addition, PV pathogenesis involves a dysregulated immune response, with multiple involved cytokines, including interleukin-33 (IL-33). Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the severity of PV and IL-33 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies serum levels. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted on fifty patients diagnosed with PV and fifty healthy controls matched in age and sex. Clinical evaluation was performed on each patient, and the Pemphigus Vulgaris Activity Score (PVAS) was used to classify the patients into three distinct categories according to the PV severity. Serum samples were obtained from both patients and control participants and analyzed quantitatively for IL-33 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies using ELISA. Results: Serum levels of IL-33 and anti-Dsg-3 were significantly higher in PV patients compared to healthy controls, with a significant association with  PV severity. Conclusion: IL-33 and anti-Dsg-3 are useful markers for the evaluation of PV activity.

DOI

10.21608/ejmm.2025.372137.1542

Keywords

Pemphigus vulgaris, Interleukin 33, desmoglein, ELISA, PVAS

Authors

First Name

Amira

Last Name

Elshafey

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

Department of Dermatology, Andrology & STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email

dr_amiraelshafey@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Fawzia

Last Name

Saafan

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Department of Dermatology, Andrology & STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email

faas50@hotmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Manar

Last Name

Sallam

MiddleName

E.

Affiliation

Department of Dermatology, Andrology & STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email

manar.sallam@hotmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Rasha

Last Name

El Zehery

MiddleName

R.

Affiliation

Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email

rasharizk76@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Eman

Last Name

Elamansoury

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email

dr_eman_elmansoury@mans.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

https://orcid.org/00

Volume

34

Article Issue

4

Related Issue

54773

Issue Date

2025-10-01

Receive Date

2025-03-29

Publish Date

2025-10-01

Print ISSN

1110-2179

Online ISSN

2537-0979

Link

https://ejmm.journals.ekb.eg/article_421066.html

Detail API

http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=421066

Order

421,066

Type

New and original researches in the field of Microbiology.

Type Code

2,038

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Publication Link

https://ejmm.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Evaluation of the Relationship between Pemphigus Vulgaris Severity and the Serum Levels of IL33 and anti-Desmoglein-3 Antibody

Details

Type

Article

Created At

09 Apr 2025