The Euphrates River is one of Iraq's most important water sources. Ecological research was undertaken on this river along the stretch of Thi Qar City, beginning in the northwest at Al-Batha City and ending in the south at Al-Chibayish City, with the aim to determine the effect of several heavy metal contaminants on the river water and sediments. The study began in the spring of 2022 and ended in the winter of 2023. The heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn) were extracted using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, and their amounts were later estimated. It was found that the heavy metals have higher concentrations in the river water at Chibayish City compared to that of Al-Batha City (as a control group). The quantity of the heavy metals in the river water decreased in such order: Zn> Cu> Pb> Cd. In the case of the sediment, the concentrations decreased in descending order: Cu> Pb>Zn>Cd. This study found that heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments are normal in Iraq, with sediments having a higher concentration than water due to the untreated pollutants thrown into the river by the estuaries.