In this case-control study, 100 patients infected with Eris were recruited to Al-Numan Hospital in Baghdad City, and 50 healthy people were also selected as a control group during the period from July 2024 to August 2024.
The results showed that the males who were infected with Eris (EG.5) were higher 52 (52.0 %) than females 48 (48.0%) with non-significant variation (P=0.81). The results also demonstrated there were equal cases of Eris (EG.5) 50 (50 %) recorded in the urban and rural areas with a non-significant difference (P= 0.87). The levels of Toxo-IgM IU/ml were higher among patients infected with Eris (EG.5) (2.78±6.69) than the control group (0.07-0.15), with highly significant variation  (p≤0.0001). The levels of Toxo-IgG IU/ml were higher in patients infected with Eris (EG.5) (2.12±3.13) than the control group (0.08 ±0.15) with highly significant variation (P≤0.0001). The levels of IL-1β pg/ml were higher in infected patients (24.21±8.39) than the control group (5.03±2.65) with highly significant variation (P≤0.0001), and the levels of IL-10 pg/ml were higher in infected patients (10.42±2.42) than the control group (4.05±2.02) with a highly significant difference (P ≤0.0001). The levels of TNF-α pg/ml were higher in infected patients (18.58±8.23) than the control group (4.65±1.91) with highly significant variation  (P≤0.0001). The Ct value of  miR155 of control groups was (18.63±0.17), while the Ct value of patients group was (18.57±0.24), with no significant difference. The computed ratio for gene fold expression was 3.46 for the patients group and 1.46 for the control group.