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342582

Iron as a Raw Material in Forging and Industry

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Last updated: 29 Mar 2025

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Abstract

Iron is a chemical element; it has the symbol Fe (from Latin ferrum 'iron') and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, just ahead of oxygen (32.1% and 30.1%, respectively), forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust, being mainly deposited by meteorites in its metallic state, with its ores also being found there. The melting and boiling points of iron, along with its enthalpy of atomization, are lower than those of the earlier 3d elements from scandium to chromium, showing the lessened contribution of the 3d electrons to metallic bonding as they are attracted more and more into the inert core by the nucleus; however, they are higher than the values for the previous element manganese because that element has a half-filled 3d sub-shell and consequently its d-electrons are not easily delocalized. This same trend appears for ruthenium but not osmium.

DOI

10.21608/jtcps.2024.259222.1294

Keywords

iron, metal application, forging and industry

Authors

First Name

Abrar

Last Name

Eldesoky

MiddleName

R,

Affiliation

Benha University, Faculty of Applied Arts, Industrial Design Department, Benha, Egypt

Email

abrarramdan13@gmail.com

City

Benha

Orcid

-

First Name

Habiba

Last Name

Metwaly

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Benha University, Faculty of Applied Arts, Industrial Design Department, Benha, Egypt

Email

habiba99aaref@gmail.com

City

Benha

Orcid

-

First Name

Sherouk

Last Name

Hassan

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

Benha University, Faculty of Applied Arts, Industrial Design Department, Benha, Egypt

Email

shroukshreef61@gmail.com

City

Benha

Orcid

-

First Name

Reem

Last Name

Elgohary

MiddleName

M.

Affiliation

Benha University, Faculty of Applied Arts, Industrial Design Department, Benha, Egypt

Email

reemelgohary41@gmail.com

City

Benha

Orcid

-

First Name

Ahmed

Last Name

Hassabo

MiddleName

G.

Affiliation

National Research Centre (NRC), Textile Research and Technology Institute (TRTI), Pre-treatment and Finishing of Cellulose based Textiles Department (PFCTD), El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt

Email

aga.hassabo@hotmail.com

City

Giza

Orcid

0000-0001-5337-8929

Volume

22

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

54658

Issue Date

2025-03-01

Receive Date

2023-12-29

Publish Date

2025-03-01

Page Start

35

Page End

43

Print ISSN

2682-2024

Online ISSN

2682-1958

Article File

JTCPS_Volume 22_Issue 2_Pages 35-43.pdf

PDF . 729.1kB

Link

https://jtcps.journals.ekb.eg/article_342582.html

Detail API

http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=342582

Order

342,582

Type

Original Article

Type Code

615

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Textiles, Coloration and Polymer Science

Publication Link

https://jtcps.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Iron as a Raw Material in Forging and Industry

Details

Type

Article

Created At

29 Mar 2025