Background: Diabetes is a common chronic illness that has a major negative effect on a patient's quality of life.
Sufficient self-care is essential for regulating blood sugar levels and averting issues. In the treatment of diabetes,
interventions that promote patient empowerment and self-management behaviours are crucial. Aim: This study aimed to
evaluate the effectiveness of a structured diabetes self-management education program on patients' self-management
behaviours, empowerment, and activation levels. Method: A quasi-experimental approach was employed, with 150
volunteers aged between 30 and 60 years old enrolled in the study. Prior to and following the intervention, participants
completed the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES), and Patient
Activation Measure (PAM). Demographic data were collated using descriptive statistics. Chi-square tests were employed
to examine changes in PAM levels, while paired t-tests were used to compare DSMQ and DES scores before and after
the intervention. A significance threshold of p < 0.05 was applied to all statistical analyses. Results: The participants
demonstrated a notable enhancement in their self-management behaviours, as evidenced by an increase in the total
DSMQ score from a pre-intervention mean of 64.5 (SD = 10.4) to a post-intervention mean of 68.6 (SD = 9.8; t = 3.98, p
< 0.001). Notably, the DES scores also demonstrated a substantial improvement, with a pre-intervention mean of 65.4
(SD = 11.9) rising to 70.0 (SD = 11.2; t = 3.27, p = 0.001). The PAM scores demonstrated a favourable shift in patient
activation levels, with those categorised as Level 4 (80-100) increasing from 30 to 50 participants (χ² = 8.25, p = 0.016).
Significant positive correlations were observed among the DSMQ, DES, and PAM scores, indicating that improvements
in self-management, empowerment, and activation are interrelated. Conclusion: The structured diabetes self-
management education programme was found to have a significant impact on participants' self-management behaviours,
empowerment, and activation levels. The findings highlight the necessity for healthcare professionals to implement
targeted interventions that facilitate patient engagement in diabetes care. Recommendation: It is recommended that
future interventions be designed to address the specific needs of diverse populations, with particular attention paid to
those facing socioeconomic challenges. It is of the utmost importance to facilitate greater access to diabetes self-
management education in order to enhance health outcomes for these demographic groups