Abstract:

Hatha yoga is one of the best sports that achieves balance between the spirit, body and mind, this research aims to design a training program using hatha yoga exercises and determine its effect on the functional efficiency of heart muscle and improve some physical variables for female students. researcher used the experimental method with pre- and post-measurements for one experimental group, the number of whom was (17) female students from the second year, then pre- and post-measurements were conducted Before and after applying the program, To develop physiological efficiency and physical abilities for a period ranging from 30 to 40 minutes of (meditation and relaxation exercises) - (special Hatha yoga exercises), Starting from Thursday, corresponding to (9/5/2024 AD) until Friday, corresponding to (5/7/2024), for a period of (8) weeks, with (3) new weekly units (Sunday, Tuesday, and May) of each week in the college's practice sessions Then perform calm-down exercises to gradually return the body and its physiological systems to a normal state, including a group of relaxation and muscle lengthening exercises for 5minutes of total duration of program, showed a statistically significant improvement in physiological variables represented in blood pressure - heart rate, and improvement in physical variables such as muscular strength - muscular endurance - flexibility for experimental group under study for benefit of the post-measurement, percentages of improvement in all physiological measurements ranged between (2.222%: 28.229%), and the percentage of improvement in the physical variables under study reached (25.140%: 64.286%) in favor of the post-measurement. The researcher recommends the importance of conducting other studies on different samples in terms of and studies in various sporting activities, because of their positive effects on public health and the efficiency of all vital systems.

Keywords:

Hatha yoga , cardiovascular system , cardiovascular fitness, blood pressure , heart rate.