Xiphophorus helleri, commonly known as the swordtail, has been recorded for the first time in the Rngkui River of Pangkal Pinang City, Bangka Island, Indonesia. This introduction is likely the result of local aquarium enthusiasts releasing the species into the wild. Since its introduction, it appears that X. helleri has established a population in this aquatic ecosystem. The presence of exotic species like X. helleri poses significant threats to local biodiversity. These threats include competition for resources, predation on native species, hybridization with local fish, habitat modification, and the potential transmission of diseases. Such impacts can lead to declines in native and endemic fish populations, ultimately altering the ecological balance of the habitat. Given these concerns, it is crucial to monitor the presence and effects of X. helleri in the Rngkui River. Ongoing assessments can help determine the extent of its establishment and influence on local species and habitats. Implementing strategies to manage and mitigate the impacts of this exotic fish will be essential to protect the region's biodiversity and ensure the health of its freshwater ecosystems. Continued research and conservation efforts are recommended to address the challenges posed by introduced species.