Background: Lymphoma is one of the leading causes of death in adults and
children. Diagnosing a specific subclass of lymphoma requires comprehensive
histological evaluation and immune histochemistry analysis. In this study, we
examine the ability of an artificial intelligence-based classifier to differentiate
between Hodgkin disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) based on
their radiomic print.
Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted for the patients diagnosed with
lymphoma between 2019 and 2023. The initial baseline PETCT scans of these
patients were retrieved. The active lesions were segmented and the radiomic
features were extracted. The collected features were split into a training set
(80%) and a validation set (20%). The primary endpoint of this study was used
to build a classifier that could predict the type of lymphoma (Hodgkin or Non-
Hodgkin). The training set was used to develop the model and the validation set
was used to validate the results.
Results: The study included 78 patients. Hodgkin disease was seen in 51
patients. The total number of identified and segmented lesions was 222, and 111
of them were retrieved from HD scans. Radiomic features were extracted from
the PETCT. Several modelling approaches were examined. The highest
accuracy was seen with the TabPFN classifier with a validation set accuracy of
73.3%. The model achieved an F1-score of 0.76 and 0.70 for HD and NHL,
respectively.
Conclusion: The TabPFN-based classifier achieved an accuracy of 73.3% on
the validation sets. Further research on large sets is necessary.