Objective: evaluate the electrophoresis effect on the micro-hardness of demineralized enamel in comparison to traditional remineralization using different remineralizing agents.
Materials and Methods: Initial enamel lesion was produced in rabbits with an acid etching, then, on a labial surface; three remineralizing agents were placed.; nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP), casein phospho-peptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and bioactive glass (BAG) with traditional technique and electrophoresis technique. Surface micro-hardness using a Vickers test at baseline, demineralization, and after remineralization at different times was calculated. Using the Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, the normality of the data was examined. P ≤ 0.05 was used to compare different variables using the ANOVA test and Tukey's post-hoc analysis.
Results: The enamel hardness was greatly raised by all three remineralizing agents utilized in the study following application periods. For the traditional method n-HAP shows the highest remineralizing effect with, the lowest impact revealed in BAG material after two and five weeks. Moreover, in electrophoresis n-HAP material revealed the highest remineralizing effect, followed by CPP-ACP material with the most insufficient effect shown in BAG material after three and five hours. Conclusion: the application of the used different remineralizing agents enhances enamel remineralization, has an influential effect on enamel surface hardness, extended time produces an additive effect in the remineralization process and electrophoresis can both strengthen and re-hardening effects on demineralized enamel, also expedite the remineralizing agents' effect.