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413603

The Role of Food Insecurity in the Sexual Exploitation of Young Girls: Behavioral Control in Patricia McCormick’s Sold

Article

Last updated: 25 Feb 2025

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Abstract

The scarcity of food in impoverished areas critically endangers the future of the children raised in such conditions, driving them deeper into poverty. Year-over-year statistics reveal that food shortages expose millions of children to devastating health, educational, and behavioral problems. Even more alarming is that this uncertain availability of food contributes to various forms of child trafficking. This harrowing experience of modern-day child slavery is central to Patricia McCormick's third novel Sold (2006). After spending months in Nepal — a country with one of the highest rates of malnutrition—McCormick, an American novelist, portrays true-to-life accounts of a young girl's exploitation rooted in food insecurity. Sold tells the story of Lakshmi, a young Nepalese girl sold into sexual slavery due to poverty and hunger. The novel not only explores her pain and loss of innocence, but also how she was manipulated into accepting her fate. This study applies Icek Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior developed in 1991, to examine Lakshmi's behavioral control and the manipulation she endures and investigate how food scarcity contributes to the coercion of young, impoverished girls into sexual slavery. TPB, a social-psychological theory, connects intentions to attitudes to explain human behavior, arguing that conscious actions are driven by an individual's normative behavior and societal norms.

DOI

10.21608/ejels.2024.413603

Keywords

child abuse, female sexual slavery, food scarcity, TPB, sold, Patricia McCormick

Authors

First Name

Lobna M.

Last Name

Shaddad

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Associate Professor of English Literature, English Department, Faculty of Arts, Assiut University, Egypt

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Volume

13

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

54033

Issue Date

2024-12-01

Receive Date

2025-02-22

Publish Date

2024-12-01

Page Start

133

Page End

154

Print ISSN

2735-4431

Online ISSN

2735-4830

Link

https://ejels.journals.ekb.eg/article_413603.html

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http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=413603

Order

413,603

Type

Scientific Articles

Type Code

1,594

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of English Language and Literature Studies

Publication Link

https://ejels.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

The Role of Food Insecurity in the Sexual Exploitation of Young Girls: Behavioral Control in Patricia McCormick’s Sold

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Article

Created At

25 Feb 2025