Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) given to preterm fetuses during pregnancy had any influence on the neurological outcomes experienced by these newborns after birth.
Methods: 50 pregnant women, aged 20-34 years, were the subjects of this case-control research. The women had one or more children between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation, the women had discomfort during preterm labor, and the women had induced preterm labor for reasons related to the mother. Two groups were formed from the patients: one with impending preterm labor in active phase, cervical dilation of less than 4cm and effacement of less than 40%, and the other with patients who were equally distributed between the two categories.
Results: Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) incidence was considerably lower in study group than control group (P=0.042). At both 5 and 10 minutes, the study group had considerably lower Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) than the control group (P<0.05). APGAR scores were considerably higher in the study group compared to the control group after 5 and 10 minutes (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the study group had significantly lower rates of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) hospitalization, nasal CAPP, and mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). Study group seizures were significantly lower than control group seizures (P=0.004).
Conclusion: When the mother consumes MgSO4 before preterm delivery, the child has better outcomes. It is possible that MgSO4 may dramatically reduce the following: seizures, Apgar score<7 at 5 minutes, NICU admission, and intravenous hydration.