Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most common psychiatric disorder among school-aged children. Aim of the study: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the play therapy program on self-esteem of primary school age children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Research design: This study used a quasi-experimental design. Setting: This study was conducted at the Out-patient Clinics of Psychiatric and Mental Health Hospital in Benha City, Qalubia Governorate. Study subjects: A convenience sample of 50 children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their parents. Tools of data collection: Four tools were used: Tool (I): Interview Questionnaire: First part: Children characteristics and their parents' socio- demographic data. Second part: Parents' knowledge about Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Tool (II) Screening rating scale for ADHD, Tool (III) Self-Esteem Inventory and Tool (IV) Abbreviated ADHD Symptoms Checklist. Results: There was improvement in the children level of total self-esteem with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between pre, post and follow-up Program phases. As evidence, more than one third of them (36.0%) had high level at pre Program, while nearly half of them (48.0%, 46.0%) had high level at post and follow-up Program respectively& there was highly statistically significant positive correlation between studied children total self-esteem and total attention disorder accompanied by hyperactivity thorough pre Program implementation phase (P= 0.000). Conclusion: Play therapy program succeeded in improving self-esteem of children, increasing their attention, decreasing hyperactivity and alleviating severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Recommendations: Continuous application of play therapy program for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to improve their self-esteem.