Lung cancer persistently poses as a primary factor in cancer-linked deaths globally, necessitating novel treatment strategies. This investigation appraises the anti-tumor potential of Thymoquinone (TQ) and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives independently and jointly against lung malignancy. immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis exhibited meaningful alteration of Bcl-2, CD4, and CD8 manifestation, signifying heightened apoptosis and immune response. Molecular studies demonstrated the compounds' ability to adjust key genes involved in cancer development, specifically Caspase-1 and mTOR pathways. The combined therapy exhibited synergistic impacts, suggesting a promising approach for lung cancer management. These conclusions highlight the potential of TQ and 1,3,4-oxadiazole as effective therapeutic agents, warranting further clinical exploration and research.