Sculpture in general is characterized by the fact that it includes three-dimensional forms, where the sense of movement and mass through different effects of the movement of shadows that arise from the fall of light on them, "Modern art has shown us direct lessons in freedom from the domination of one material and traditional materials and responding to new materials, which the innovative eye can formulate into creative and innovative artistic templates. (Mahmoud Bassiouni, 2002, p. 213)
The stone material is one of the basic materials in the art of sculpture, and the importance of this material is due to the large number of stone sculpture works in various ancient human civilizations, and what confirms its importance is our heritage balance, represented in the stone sculpture works of the ancient Egyptian civilization, which is a pioneer of different civilizations throughout the ages, and it is worth noting the use of stone material in the art of modern stone sculpture in a way that was not prevalent before, depending on the multiplicity or difference of the type of stone in the sculptural work One or confirmation of the nature and aesthetics of a type of stone by relying on the artist to exaggerate the sculptural formulation or to cause different and different effects in texture on the surface of the sculptural work, and also to confirm the aesthetic value by highlighting the sculptural relationships and their compatibility with the sense of stone material.