Introduction: Central venous stenosis and obstruction (CVSO) are frequent issues that result in access, morbidity and dysfunction for cases undergoing regular dialysis. Although multiple treatment options exist, such as endovascular and surgical procedures, the best treatment approach for CVSO is still unclear. Objective: This study aimed to identify immediate and early outcomes after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for central venous disease in hemodialysis individuals. Methodology: This is a prospective interventional study conducted on thirty-four end-stage renal disease individuals receiving regular dialysis with upper limb venous hypertension. It was conducted at a tertiary university-based hospital. A comprehensive history and examination were done. Everyone underwent PTA of CVSO lesions with balloon insertion. Following the intervention, they were evaluated at one week, one month, and three months. The primary patency rates and short-term results were calculated. Results: The 34 patients were 15 males and 19 females. The mean age was 47.9±10.37 years. Initial success was accomplished in 29 (85.29%) cases. Two cases required a stent, representing 5.88%. Recurrence at 6 months occurred in 13 patients (38.24%), including six re-occlusions and seven restenosis, with a mean time to recurrence of 2.88±0.133 months. The patency rate after the intervention was significantly higher for patients with stenosis (73.07%) compared to those with occlusion (25%) (P=0.033) and was also higher for lesions ≤3 cm (P=0.025). Conclusion: For patients receiving regular hemodialysis, endovascular treatment of central venous stenosis and occlusion is a safe and efficient procedure with acceptable primary patency rates.