A field experiment was performed throughout two summer seasons 2022 and 2023 at El - Hamoal, Kafr El- Sheikh Governorate, Egypt to investigate the effect of phosphogypsum and agrochemical sulfur as well as their duality treatment in the main plots, in addition, applied of glycine betaine and ascorbic acid as plant spraying in the subplots on enhancing some physical and chemical characteristics of saline-sodic soil, production of cotton and some biochemical constituents. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replicates. The obtained results could be summarized as follow:
The application of two soil amendments (phosphogypsum and sulfur) significantly reduced soil bulk density, but increased hydraulic conductivity, total porosity, moisture constants of soil in both seasons. Additionally, all the used materials caused an increment in soil available phosphorus and the concentration of soluble calcium, magnesium ions. Meanwhile, it reduced soil pH, electrical conductivity, exchangeable sodium percentage and the concentration of soluble sodium ion in both seasons compared to untreated salinized plots. On contrast, the values of previous characters were not affected with foliar treatments singly during two seasons relative to control.. Generally, glycine betaine was more effective than ascorbic acid in enhancing plant growth and productivity. It could be concluded from these results that foliar application of glycine betaine and ascorbic acid positively mitigated the adverse effects on cotton growth and yield under saline conditions.