Extraction of bacterial DNA is a critical step in obtaining high-quality DNA. The overall quality, yield, and integrity of the genomic DNA isolated affects the success of any downstream applications. Many factors can affect the quality and yield of genomic DNA obtained. By understanding some of the key steps underlying DNA chemical and physical properties, the methodology of DNA extraction can be modified to deal with specific sample types for particular research purposes. This narrative review aimed to present a comprehensive overview of bacterial DNA extraction protocols by summarizing research articles from various databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. Keywords were used for the research, such as ‘DNA extraction, bacterial DNA isolation, and optimization of DNA extraction protocol. Research articles included in this review were English-language articles published between 1999 and 2023 that fulfilled the study objectives. After thoroughly assessing the included articles, 36 relevant articles were selected for this review. This review sheds light on the key steps of DNA extraction and several challenges facing researchers in the field of molecular biology. This narrative review serves as a simple guide for molecular biology researchers.
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