385259

Phenotypic and genotypic detection of macrolide resistance among clinical isolates of <i>Staphylococci</i>, Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt

Article

Last updated: 08 Feb 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Background:  Macrolide resistance has increased worldwide among Gram-positive cocci including staphylococci, particularly after the irrational use of macrolides during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scarce data exists about the situation in Zagazig University Hospitals. Aim: To detect different macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes among staphylococcal clinical isolates in Zagazig University Hospitals, one of the tertiary hospitals in Egypt. Methods:  Antibiotic susceptibility of ninety-two staphylococcal isolates collected from various clinical specimens, was carried out against erythromycin, azithromycin, and clindamycin by disc diffusion method. The D-test was applied to detect inducible macrolide, lincosamides, and streptogramin type B resistance phenotype (iMLSB). Molecular detection of major genes coding for macrolide resistance, including erythromycin ribosomal methylase (ermA, ermB, and ermC), and macrolide-streptogramin resistance gene (msrA) was performed using PCR. Results: Out of 92 staphylococcal isolates, 37 isolates (40.2%) showed macrolide resistance. The iMLSB phenotype was identified in 32.4% of the resistant isolates with a rate of 43.7% among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), meanwhile, constitutive resistance was detected in 43.2%. The investigated resistance genes were detected in a total of 89.2% of resistant isolates where the ermC was the most frequent (54.1%), followed by the msrA gene (45.9%), the ermA gene (16.2%), and the ermB (5.4%). However, none of the examined genes showed a statistically significant relationship with the resistance phenotypes (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our finding revealed increased macrolide resistance, particularly the inducible phenotype among MRSA isolates with wide dissemination of macrolide resistance genes, necessitating continuous monitoring.

DOI

10.21608/mid.2024.321004.2218

Keywords

Staphylococci, Macrolide resistance, cMLSB phenotype, iMLSB phenotype

Authors

First Name

Noura

Last Name

Esmaeel

MiddleName

E

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, ,Zagazig University, Egypt

Email

nemetwaly@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Manar

Last Name

Gebriel

MiddleName

G

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, ,Zagazig University, Egypt

Email

manargouda@zu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-8498-3838

First Name

Shymaa

Last Name

Yahia

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, ,Zagazig University, Egypt

Email

shymaa_80@yahoo.com

City

Egypt ,Zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Thoraya

Last Name

Hosny

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

thoraya_ahmad@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Sherif

Last Name

Mohammed

MiddleName

Yehia

Affiliation

Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

syyusuf@medicine.zu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Marian

Last Name

Gerges

MiddleName

Asaad

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, ,Zagazig University, Egypt

Email

magerges@zu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-9631-0585

Volume

6

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

53078

Issue Date

2025-02-01

Receive Date

2024-09-15

Publish Date

2025-02-01

Page Start

213

Page End

225

Print ISSN

2682-4132

Online ISSN

2682-4140

Link

https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_385259.html

Detail API

http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=385259

Order

20

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,157

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

Publication Link

https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Phenotypic and genotypic detection of macrolide resistance among clinical isolates of <i>Staphylococci</i>, Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt

Details

Type

Article

Created At

01 Feb 2025