Background: Diabetes is described as a grouping of chronic metabolic abnormalities resulting in hyperglycemia, marked by either absolute or relative insulin insufficiency. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a kind of diabetes described by impaired glucose metabolism that is initially identified throughout pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus is identified in 5.8–12.9% of females with gestation. Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) affects 0.4–1.1% of females with gestation.Gestational diabetes mellitus is described by glucose intolerance of varying severity that arises or is initially identified throughout pregnancy. Objective: This article aimed to highlight the maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus. Material and methods: We searched Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and other online databases for Maternal outcomes, Neonatal outcomes, and Gestational diabetes mellitus. The authors also reviewed references from pertinent literature, however only the most recent or comprehensive studies from 1997 to 2024 were included. Documents in languages other than English were disqualified due to lack of translation-related sources. Papers such as unpublished manuscripts, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations that were not part of larger scientific studies were excluded. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes mellitus has been related to negative outcomes during pregnancy such as preterm birth, primary Cesarean section, & preeclampsia. Prenatal exposure to maternal hyperglycemia results in fetal hyperinsulinemia, thus elevating the possibility of neonatal hypoglycemia, macrosomia, hyperbilirubinemia, and other complications. Neonatal problems may encompass birth trauma, involving shoulder dystocia & brachial plexus injury, along with possible hypoglycemia, hypoxia, jaundice & kernicterus. Bacterial infections & newborn respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) may also be included.