This study explores the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Egypt, focusing on the impacts of industrialization, foreign direct investment (FDI), and fossil fuel consumption on greenhouse gas emissions. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model used in this study to investigate both short and long-run estimates at the same time. The results reveal a positive relationship between FDI and emissions in both the short and long term. Fossil fuel consumption also shows a consistent positive correlation with emissions, as indicated by the significant coefficients for both short-term and dynamic adjustments. Industrialization contributes positively to emissions in both the short and long run. the study finds no support for the EKC hypothesis in the Egyptian context, suggesting a linear rather than inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. Based on the findings, it is recommended to strengthen environmental regulations, advance green technologies, and attract sustainable foreign direct investment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and foster sustainable economic development.