One way of dealing with the shortages of food and medicine in underdeveloped nations is through traditional medicine, which primarily uses medicinal herbs, so it is important to conserve these plants. Egypt, especially the Sinai Peninsula, is one of the countries that have many of medically important plants. A field study was conducted to identify some plants of economic and medicinal importance in Nabq protectorate, south Sinai, Egypt. The study revealed that Zygophyllaceae (13.5%), Asteraceae (10.8%), and Fabaceae (8.1%) were the most commonly presented families. With 92% of all species recorded, perennial species had the highest percentage. Saharo–Sindian phytochoria was the most recorded species with 54 %. The whole plant and aerial parts were the most used plant parts (35 % and 30 %, respectively). The most medicinal and economical uses of the recorded species include antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antifungal, activities, treatment respiratory diseases, diarrhea, wounds, abdominal pain, asthma, diabetes , skin diseases, anticancer and antitumor activity and grazing.