Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern characterized by the presence of irreversible kidney damage. The renoprotective role of adipose mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (ADMSCs-Exos) and roflumilast (ROF) in the management of acute kidney damage
Objectives: The current study was conducted to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of Exos combined with ROF in the management of CKD.
Material and methods: Isolating and characterizing exosomes involved using electron microscopy and flow cytometry . Rats were separated into seven groups, Control group: rats were injected with 0.9% saline. ROF group: The rats received an oral administration of ROF at a dosage of 1.2 mg/kg. Exos group: rats were given two injections of 100 μg Exos. DOX group: rats were subjected to two injections on day 1 and day 14, at a dosage of 4 mg/kg of DOX. DOX + ROF group: rats were administered ROF for a duration of 7 days following each injection of DOX. DOX + Exos group: rats were administered exosomes five days after receiving both doses of DOX. DOX + ROF+ Exos group: rats were administered both ROF and Exos subsequent to each DOX injection. Results: The isolated exosomes exhibited the characteristic cup-shaped morphology and expressed the surface proteins CD81, CD9, and CD63. The administration of ROF or Exos resulted in a notable enhancement in both renal functions and structural integrity when compared to the DOX group (p < 0.05