Background: Dysfunction of the pelvic floor causes incontinence and prolapse, affecting stability, continence, and sexual function. Transperineal ultrasonography (TPU) is the gold standard for detecting these problems, offering accurate 2D and 3D imaging during dynamic movements.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of 3D transperineal ultrasound as a diagnostic modality in the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction.
Patients and methods: This cross-sectional research at Qena University Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 included women with pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms having 3D transperineal ultrasonography, omitting pregnant women and those with current infections. To guarantee statistical power, 75 samples were computed. Medical history, pelvic floor therapy, and associated conditions were assessed. Pelvic structures, levator hiatal diameters, and anomalies were imaged utilizing a GE Voluson P8 system with 2D and 3D transducers. Morphometry changes during movements were examined for pelvic organ prolapse and other problems.
Results: Dysfunction (n=48) and normal (n=27) groups differed significantly. The dysfunction group had greater menopausal status (66.67% vs. 14.81%), longer age (53.63 vs. 38.11 years, p<0.0001), and more children (81.25% vs. 18.52%, p<0.0001). Symptoms included protruding bulk (52.08%, p<0.0001), urinary (66.67%, p<0.0001), fecal difficulties (47.92%, p<0.0001), and sexual dysfunction (22.92%, p=0.0066 Imaging showed considerable cystocele, hiatal area, and dynamic alterations during Valsalva maneuver (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: TPU is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring pelvic floor dysfunction, offering detailed insights into anatomical and functional changes, including during dynamic conditions.