Background: Deficiencies in islet β-cell activity, which can arise from genetic, environmental, or immunological factors, result in a flat-out or relative decrease in insulin emission, which is the hallmark of T2DM. Gene polymorphisms and the incidence of type 2 diabetes have been linked in numerous studies. There is a correlation between T2DM risk and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in the intergenic zones of multiple potential genes. lncRNAs are in excess of 200 nucleotides long. lncRNAs have been linked to type 2 diabetes in many ethnic groups.

HOX antisense RNA transcription (HOTAIR) is a well-characterized long noncoding RNA that is found on human chromosome 12q13. Finding out if the rs4759314 HOTAIR gene polymorphism is linked to T2DM is the goal of the current study

Method: This study was carried out on 192 subjects (96 healthy controls, and 96 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. HOTAIR genotype was determined by T-ARMS-PCR

Results: The predominance of the polymorphic genotype of HOTAIR polymorphism (GG) was essentially expanded in type two diabetic patients contrasted with the healthy group (15.6% vs. 5.2%). (P<0.01). Compared to carriers of the AA genotype, those carrying the GG genotype had the probability of getting T2DM four times higher (OR=3.92).

Conclusion: The Egyptian people may be more susceptible to T2DM if they have the GG genotype of the HOTAIR rs4759314 polymorphism.