This research aims to explore the concept of drama and its development in both Chinese and Arab cultures, focusing on the differences and similarities in its definition and significance. Drama in Chinese culture is an integral part of literary and artistic traditions. It began as a ritualistic performance linked to religious beliefs and later evolved into a form of entertainment and a medium for addressing social issues. Chinese theater, particularly Peking Opera, is characterized by its emphasis on symbolism and precise physical movements, reflecting the Chinese cultural focus on aesthetics and ethics. In contrast, drama in Arab culture initially emerged from the rich Arab poetic and narrative heritage. However, its modern form developed through interaction with Western cultures in the 19th century. Modern Arab drama has concentrated on addressing social, political, and religious issues, making it a medium for expressing national identity and confronting societal challenges. The research reveals that the concept of drama in both cultures reflects their respective traditions and societal values. While Chinese drama embodies deeply rooted rituals, Arab drama showcases the influence of modern experiences and a quest for renewal. The findings also highlight that drama in both contexts has not been merely a means of entertainment but an effective tool for conveying values and shaping collective consciousness.
The research concludes that the differences between the two definitions stem from distinct historical and cultural contexts. At the same time, the similarities illustrate the universal human need for self-expression and addressing societal challenges.