Human Resource Management (HRM) is a very crucial aspect in the contemporary business world. Organization that manage their people effectively tend to have a greater competitive advantage over their competitors. This is due to the ability to optimize human resources potential, productivity and commitment. This will have a significant positive impact on organization performance. This research aims to examine the effective HRM practices in achieving competitive advantage in business. The study objective is to identify the role of effective HRM practices in achieving competitive advantage. To achieve the research objectives, a qualitative approach of descriptive analysis to explore an in-depth understanding of the topic. The researcher designed a questionnaire to collect primary data from the study sample. The study population included all employees of Deraya University (academics and administrators), and their number reached (350) employees. Given the small size of the study population, the researcher collect data using an online google form sent to all participants (257 of them responded). The results of this study show that effective HR management strategies are key to achieving and maintaining a competitive advantage in business administration. Hypotheses were tested using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results reveal that there is a statistical significant relationship between effective HRM practices and achieving competitive advantage at Deraya University. The results shows that core challenges faced by HR teams revolve around recruiting and retaining top talent, addressing the training and development issue of employee, offering a genuine compensation package, efficient performance appraisal system, engaging employees to participate, team working respectively organization can achieve better results in the face of intense business competition. The research recommended that the organizations have to invest in employees' development as a long-term investment that can enhance the overall capabilities of the team, regularly monitor performance, encourages innovation, collaboration, and recognition of achievements, View HRM as a long-term commitment, planning for sustainable HRM development.  Ultimately, a company's success depends on its ability to effectively manage, develop, and motivate its workforce.