Introduction: Odontogenic tumors are a variety of oral cancers with clinical and histological variability. Some are benign, while others, like ameloblastoma, show infiltrative behavior. The most aggressive destructive odontogenic tumor is ameloblastic carcinoma. Diagnostic challenges arise in differentiating a malignant type from a classic benign ameloblastoma due to overlapping clinicopathologic features, prompting the use of immunohistochemical methods. KIAA0101, a nucleoprotein, is crucial for cell proliferation regulation, and its expression as a prognostic marker is being extensively researched in various human tumor sorts. However, its role in odontogenic tumors still needs more diagnostic research to be approved.
Aim of the study: Evaluation of the KIAA0101 immunoexpression in ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma.
Material and Methods: Sixty blocks of human odontogenic tissues were included in the study. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to determine an accurate histopathological diagnosis. Immunohistochemical analysis using the KIAA0101 antibody was performed in further sections.
Results: Different levels of KIAA0101 were expressed in enamel organs, ameloblastoma, and ameloblastic carcinoma. The enamel organs showed the lowest expression levels; however, ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma showed significant expression values.
Conclusion: KIAA0101 has a valuable indicator for tissue proliferation in ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma.