Objective: To evaluate the effect of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in the treatment of mandibular cystic defects in comparison to the spontaneous healing using clinical and radiographic parameters.
Materials and methods: 16 patients having mandibular radiolucency's diagnosed by aspiration biopsy were divided equally into two groups. Group A included patients whom treated by enucleation and filling the defect by bone marrow aspirate concentrate on a collagen sponge, and group B included those treated conventionally. Clinical follow up was conducted, with a radiographic examination that was performed immediately post-operative and after 3 and 6 months to estimate the mean bone density and the reduction in the defect volume.
Results: The study was conducted on 16 patients with male-to-female ratio of 1:1.66 and average age of 28.94. The intergroup comparison of bone density was insignificant across the follow-up period. The defect's volume analysis showed a significant difference in the reduction between the two groups across the follow-up period. The volume reduction difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P= 0.002).
Conclusion: The use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in mandibular defects is a safe and minimally invasive procedure to enhance bone healing for better healing of the defect and improvement in bone density. The operation showed adequate clinical and radiographic performance.