Introduction: Caries commonly affect primary teeth in school/preschool children and can cause early tooth loss. It is vital to preserve primary teeth to prevent space loss until permanent successor erupts. Primary teeth with deep caries and vital pulp with reversible pulpits are indicated for pulpotomy. It involves eradicating caries, removing the inflammatory area, and placing the necessary medications. There is no evidence of which pulpotomy medication is the most effective.

Objective: To evaluate clinical and radiographic success rate (survival rate) following TheraCal PT (TPT) pulpotomy compared to Mineral-Trioxide-Aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy in primary molars indicated for vital pulpotomy.

Methods and Materials: This was a Randomised Clinical Trial (RCT) following CONSORT Statement 2010. Twenty participants were recruited as a pilot study and divided equally into the TPT group (Intervention) and MTA+ group (control). All included molars were assessed after 6 months for clinical success regarding the absence of spontaneous pain and swelling. Also, radiographic success was assessed regarding widening in periodontal membrane space, periapical radiolucency, furcation involvement, and external/internal root restoration. The time elapsed from the beginning of hemostasis until the final restoration placement was also recorded.

Results: Clinically, both materials exhibited 100% survival rate after six months. However, radiographic assessments have shown 90% and 40% success rates for the MTA and TPT groups, respectively.

Conclusion: within the limitation of the current trial, MTA and TPT medications had excellent clinical success rate of 100% in the short term; however, MTA revealed a higher radiographic success rate than TPT (90% and 40%, respectively).