Introduction: fluoridated miswak varnish was proven to have remarkable antimicrobial and remineralizing potentials on primary teeth in experimental studies.
Objectives: To evaluate the remineralizing effect of fluoridated miswak varnish on initial caries-like lesions in permanent teeth and compare its remineralizing effect to fluoride varnish (DURAPHAT).
Materials and Methods: Forty four premolars were selected, prepared and sectioned into two halves buccolingually, giving mesial and distal halves. One half received the varnish to be tested and the other half served as its negative control. The study sample were randomly assigned into two groups according to the treatment agent; group I (fluoridated miswak varnish), group II (Duraphat varnish). From each group, half of the specimens and their corresponding controls were examined with Vickers Microhardness Device. While the remaining specimens were prepared and evaluated using Polarized Light Microscopy. Data were collected and analyzed, significance level was set at p value of 0.05
Results: Both groups demonstrated a statistically significant increase in enamel surface microhardness compared to their controls (P