The study mainly aims to measure the economic efficiency of the orange crop in the Sharkia Governorate, through a set of indicators for the productive status of the orange crop, and estimate the lost income as a result of not achieving efficiency standards, in addition to estimating some indicators of economic efficiency and productivity of oranges secretly in the new lands. The study relied on two sources of data: Secondary data published in government agencies, and primary data, by conducting a questionnaire form for farmers of the orange crop in Basra in the new lands in 2021-2022  in the New Salhia area in Sharkia Governorate. In analyzing the data, the study relied on descriptive and quantitative analysis represented in averages, percentages, standard deviation and growth rate. Economic, productive and technical efficiency indicators were also used in comparing different irrigation systems. One of the most important results of the study was that The average production per feddan of oranges in the new lands in Sharkia Governorate amounted to about 18 tons, and the net return per ton was about 1641.38 pounds per acre, and the net return of the pound spent was about 0.82 pounds, and both the product margin and the product incentive amounted to about 1641.38, 45%, respectively, and the amount of irrigation water Used per acre is about 1890.5 m3, and the total yield per 1000 cubic meters of water is about 32.2 thousand pounds, and the net yield per 1000 cubic meters of water is about 14499.40 pounds, and finally the productivity of 1000 cubic meters of water is about 9.52 tons.