Water scarcity is a major obstacle to wheat output in the context of climate change, particularly in dry and semi-arid areas. A field experiment was conducted at the Ismailia Agricultural Research Station in Egypt during the two consecutive seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 to examine the effects of potassium levels on growth traits, physiological performance, as well as yield and yield attributes of droughted bread wheat cultivars. Four potassium levels (0, 24, 48, and 72 kg K₂O/fed) were applied to two wheat cultivars, Sakha 95 and Giza 171, under both drought and well irrigated circumstances. The acquired data proved that the plant water relations, membrane properties, photosynthetic pigments, and nutrient uptake were all significantly impacted by the drought exposure, which in turn affected yield and yield attributes. The exogenous potassium application, notably at 72 kg K₂O/fed, seems to lessen the negative effects of dryness on all growth metrics and photosynthetic pigments in both cultivars, especially Sakha 95. Moreover, all potassium levels, especially 72 kg K₂O/fed, improved leaf turgidity by raising relative water content, lowering saturation drought, and so enhancing yield and yield components in both cultivars, particularly Sakha 95.