Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is an essential plant, which is annual and is characterized by the treatment of some diseasesAerial parts contain aromatic volatile oils and non-volatile sesquiterpenes used in pharmacopoeia. This investigation  was carried  out in the Ornamental Farm of the Department of  Horticulture  Faculty of  Agriculture, Benha University during the two sequent  seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 to study effect of planting distances and applying fertilization on vegetative growth, chemical constituents and oil of Artemisia annua (L)plant. Results showed, in both cuts and seasons, the maximum values of vegetative growth and root parameters  were recorded planting distances (40*40 cm) and F₃(100% organic fertilizers). Besides, the interaction between planting distances and fertilizations treatments had a significant effect on chemical compositions especially  planting distance( 40*40 cm) and F₃ in the two cut and at both seasons. In general, the highest values of essential oil percentage in leaves were recorded by the combined treatment between planting distance( 40*40 cm) and F₃. Gc-MS analysis of  of Artemisia annua L. essential oil revealed the presence of 23 component which were identified and the major components were champhore, cis-sabinene hydrate, trans β-ocimene, artemisia ketone, borneol, tranc- caryophyllene, myrtenal and β- Selinene.Furthermore, the highest value of artemisinin percentage (1.4 %) was scored by (60*60 ) with F₂. Consequently, it is preferable applying the planting distance( 40*40 cm) and F₃  for enhancing the growth, essential oil , artemisinin content and the chemical constituents of Artemisia annua L. plant.