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348673

Blended Education Through On-Line Computer Program During Crises Demonstrating the Extraocular Muscles of Goat’s Eye

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Academic and Pre-clinical Veterinary Sciences (Physiology, Histology, …rology, Parasitology, Pharmacology, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology)

Abstract

There were six E-Learning categories including E-Learning without existence and E-communication (self-learning), E-Learning with personal attendance but lacked E-communication, E-Learning without attendance and with E-communication, E-Learning with online existence and E-communication, E-Learning with intermittent attendance and E-communication and E-Learning with existence and E-communication. The pandemic crisis had abruptly altered ophthalmology education, leading to the creation of innovative online curricula. For demonstration the extraocular muscles of goat, two alive healthy adult female goats were subjected for computed tomography (CT) and five goat's head were kept in formalin 10% then dissected carefully. CT was courteous for imaging the different structures of the eye; eyeball and its adnexa especially extraocular muscles. Moreover, for evaluation the postponement of the disease outside the eyeball toward the orbital cavity and brain. The extraocular muscles fixed the eyeball in the orbital cavity which controls movement of the eye. There were four recti muscles; dorsal, ventral, lateral and medial and the two oblique muscles; dorsal and ventral, in addition to the retractor oculi (bulbi) muscle. The four recti muscles controlled the motility of the eyeball according to their position. The dorsal oblique muscle moved the dorsal part of the eyeball ventrally and medially. While the ventral oblique one rotated the eyeball dorsally and medially. Additionally, the retractor oculi muscle acts to withdraw the eyeball. Finally, studying muscular anatomy and movement was considered one of the most important medical scientific studies, which in turn helped surgeons in treating strabismus cases, especially in humans. The undergraduate students and postgraduates preferred blended learning rather than traditional learning methods. 

DOI

10.21608/zvjz.2024.257542.1227

Keywords

Blended teaching, Eye of goat, online learning, Computed tomography, extraocular muscles

Authors

First Name

Eman

Last Name

Mahdy

MiddleName

A

Affiliation

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

dr.emanmahdy82@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Ali El-Deen

Last Name

Abdul Basset

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

bassetaly@gmail.com

City

Sharkia

Orcid

-

First Name

Esraa

Last Name

Gad

MiddleName

B.

Affiliation

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

esraabarakat211@gmail.com

City

Dyarb Negm

Orcid

-

First Name

Mustafa

Last Name

Abd El-Raouf

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.

Email

dr-mustafa13@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mervat

Last Name

Konsowa

MiddleName

M

Affiliation

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt

Email

mmkonsoa@vet.zu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

52

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

47003

Issue Date

2024-03-01

Receive Date

2024-01-14

Publish Date

2024-03-31

Page Start

88

Page End

103

Print ISSN

1110-1458

Online ISSN

2357-075X

Link

https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_348673.html

Detail API

https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=348673

Order

348,673

Type

Original Article

Type Code

601

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Zagazig Veterinary Journal

Publication Link

https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Blended Education Through On-Line Computer Program During Crises Demonstrating the Extraocular Muscles of Goat’s Eye

Details

Type

Article

Created At

30 Dec 2024