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Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries-An Updated Review.

Article

Last updated: 01 Feb 2025

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Subjects

-

Tags

Biochemistry

Abstract

Background: Spinal cord injuries (SCI) represent a significant challenge in modern medicine, leading to profound physical, emotional, and psychological consequences for affected individuals. These injuries can result from trauma, disease, or congenital conditions, and the severity depends on the injury level and extent of spinal cord damage. Advances in understanding SCI pathophysiology and treatment options have improved rehabilitation outcomes, but many challenges remain in optimizing recovery and enhancing quality of life for patients.

Aim: This review aims to provide an updated overview of rehabilitation programs for SCI patients, focusing on physical interventions, emerging technologies, and interdisciplinary approaches that aid recovery.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, including studies on SCI pathophysiology, rehabilitation strategies, and novel therapeutic modalities. Relevant clinical trials, systematic reviews, and expert opinions were analyzed to highlight the most effective rehabilitation practices.

Results: The review discusses the anatomy and etiology of SCI, the mechanisms and stages of injury, and emerging imaging techniques such as advanced MRI modalities. Rehabilitation programs have evolved from basic physical therapy to more advanced interventions, including robotic-assisted therapy, electrical stimulation, and functional training. Studies demonstrate that early intervention, a multidisciplinary approach, and personalized rehabilitation plans significantly improve motor function and reduce complications such as pressure ulcers and muscle atrophy.

Conclusion: Effective rehabilitation is crucial for improving functional outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for SCI patients. Integrating cutting-edge technologies with traditional physical therapy can lead to improved mobility, pain management, and psychological well-being. A holistic and individualized rehabilitation approach remains essential to optimize recovery.

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2024.339673.10893

Keywords

spinal cord injury, Physical therapy, Emerging Technologies, Robotic-Assisted Therapy, Electrical Stimulation, SCI Recovery, quality of life

Authors

First Name

Ahmed Mohammed

Last Name

Alhazmi

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Long term care hospital in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

ficmahac@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohammed Abdullah

Last Name

Hakami

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

KSA, Ministry of Health, Imam Abdulrhman Alfaisal Hospital

Email

mhakami24@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Omar Mohammad Omar

Last Name

Aldosari

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

aww52539@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Saud Abdulaziz

Last Name

Al-Kharif

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

saa0800@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz

Last Name

Alduhaish

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

PHCC Eskan Almather, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

aalduhaish@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

‏ Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali

Last Name

Al-Alyan

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Al-Dariyah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

aalalyan@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Amera saud saad

Last Name

Alrshood

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health

Email

aalrshood@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Khulood Ahmed

Last Name

Bader

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Physical Therapy, Alyamamah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

karef@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Khaled Abdullah Abdulrahman

Last Name

Alshamrani

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital at AlTaif, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

kot.88824@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Salem Ali Salem

Last Name

Asiri

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

King Fahad Hospital at AlBaha, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

salem26pt@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Sara yosef Gassim

Last Name

Modabish

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Abu Arish General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

smodabish@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Rehab Hamdan B

Last Name

Alruwaili

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Suwayr General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

ralruwaily@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Ali Mohammed Eissa

Last Name

Jaafari

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Damad general Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

amjaafari@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Faizah Osaymir Q

Last Name

Alruwaili

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Suwayr General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

faizahoa@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abdulrahman Ibrahim M

Last Name

Almubarak

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Email

arhalmubarak@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

67

Article Issue

13

Related Issue

46555

Issue Date

2024-12-01

Receive Date

2024-11-27

Publish Date

2024-12-01

Page Start

1,603

Page End

1,611

Print ISSN

0449-2285

Online ISSN

2357-0245

Article File

EJCHEM_Volume 67_Issue 13_Pages 1603-1611.pdf

PDF . 684.0kB

Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_396792.html

Detail API

http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=396792

Order

396,792

Type

Review Articles

Type Code

444

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry

Publication Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries-An Updated Review.

Details

Type

Article

Created At

30 Dec 2024