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Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

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Subjects

-

Tags

Biochemistry

Abstract

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), a subset of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), holds promise as a non-invasive biomarker for cancer prognostication and monitoring. Despite advances in cancer screening, early detection remains a challenge.

Aim: This study systematically evaluates ctDNA's utility in early cancer detection, its integration into current diagnostic practices, and its potential to replace traditional invasive techniques.

Methods: A systematic review of 166 articles resulted in 12 high-quality studies meeting inclusion criteria, comprising case-control studies, cross-sectional research, and reviews. These studies were analyzed for ctDNA's sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic applications in diverse cancer types.

Results: ctDNA exhibits sensitivity ranging from 69% to 98% and specificity exceeding 99%. Methods like TEC-Seq and CancerSEEK demonstrated significant promise, detecting cancer at early stages and localizing tumor origins with high accuracy. Positive ctDNA detection correlated with poorer overall survival and progression-free survival, underscoring its prognostic relevance. However, its sensitivity in detecting tumors smaller than 1 cm remains limited. Factors such as sample handling, individual variability, and tumor-specific genetic profiles influence ctDNA's diagnostic efficacy.

Conclusion: ctDNA offers a transformative approach to cancer management by enabling real-time tumor monitoring and early detection through non-invasive means. Although promising, challenges in sensitivity, standardization, and clinical adoption must be addressed to realize its full potential as a routine diagnostic tool.

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2024.338408.10853

Keywords

circulating tumor DNA, Non-invasive biomarker, cancer detection, TEC-Seq, CancerSEEK, tumor prognosis

Authors

First Name

Ahmad Mohammed

Last Name

Makki

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Riyadh Forensic Services CenterMedicine

Email

ficmahac@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

MARIAM ABDULLAH

Last Name

ALGHAMDI

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, DIRIYAH HOSPITAL

Email

maalgamdee@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

abdulkhalq abdullah

Last Name

alasmari

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, mohayel Genenral hospital

Email

abdulkhalqaa@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Rami Ahmad

Last Name

Almalki

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Al Quwayiyah Hospital

Email

ramaliki@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Yahya Saad

Last Name

Alotaibi

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Dawadmi Hospital

Email

ysalotaibi@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

maali jomah

Last Name

alanazy

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Sharg almohamadih center care

Email

mjalanazy@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Faisal Rashed Mohammed

Last Name

Abusaidah

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Jizan Specialist Hospital

Email

fabusaidah@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Badreah Salman

Last Name

AlDhafeeri

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, PHC ALBALDIYA Hafar AlBatin

Email

bsaldhafeeri@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Zohour Abduqader

Last Name

Baamer

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Bahra PHC

Email

zbaamer@moh.gov.as

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Khdigah Mansour

Last Name

Sarhan

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Bahra PHC

Email

kmsrhan@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

AHMED JABER

Last Name

HURUBI

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, CENTRAL BLOOD BANK JIZAN

Email

ahurubi@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Fatimah Ali

Last Name

almarhoon

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Ras tanura general hospital

Email

faalmarhoon@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Saleh Mahdi

Last Name

Alnass

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Ras tanoura general hospital

Email

salnass@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Ali abdrabalrassol

Last Name

alosaif

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Prince Mohammed bin Fahd hospital

Email

alaalosaif@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Fatimah ali

Last Name

almadan

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Ksa, Ministry of Health, Safwa General Hospital

Email

faaalmadan@moh.gov.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

67

Article Issue

13

Related Issue

46555

Issue Date

2024-12-01

Receive Date

2024-11-22

Publish Date

2024-12-01

Page Start

1,575

Page End

1,583

Print ISSN

0449-2285

Online ISSN

2357-0245

Article File

EJCHEM_Volume 67_Issue 13_Pages 1575-1583.pdf

PDF . 416.5kB

Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_396058.html

Detail API

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=396058

Order

396,058

Type

Review Articles

Type Code

444

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry

Publication Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a Non-Invasive Tool for Cancer Prognostication and Monitoring.

Details

Type

Article

Created At

30 Dec 2024