The present study investigated the effects of P. granatum peels extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 21 days, as well as the biochemical, histopathological and immuno-histochemical effects in the kidney tissues. The aqueous methanol extract of P. granatum peels was administrated to STZ diabetes rats at doses of (100 and 200 mg/kg), using Amaryl as standard drug. After treatment, blood glucose, serum insulin, urea, creatinine, TNF-α, and Enzymatic scavengers' levels were measured. Diabetic rats given P. granatum extract had their fasting blood glucose and kidney antioxidant status reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Rats given P. granatum peel extract revealed substantially fewer histopathological observations than the diabetic control group, including tubular dilatation, tubular epithelium necrosis, glomerular atrophy, and interstitial inflammation. Moreover, after the administration of P. granatum extract (200 mg/kg), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels dropped significantly. Thus, the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of P. granatum extract may expand the potential source for diabetes treatment.