In this study, interfacial polymerization was used to synthesize a thin film–composite (TFC) membrane for forward osmosis (FO) applications; moreover, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (GONs), a dopamine solution (DA), and naturally accessible humic acid (HA) were synthesized on a polyethersulfone (PES) substrate. The effects of the different quantities of GO, HA, and DA on the membrane surfaces as well as their various cross-sectional morphologies and FO desalination capabilities were investigated. The integrated TFC membrane containing an appropriate blend of GO, HA, and DA outperformed the control membrane, obtaining high water flux, and high salt rejection. Furthermore, the chlorine resistance of the enhanced membrane was 75 times that of the control membrane.